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1、
battered
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新概念英语第二册lesson34~36语法及课文重点
1、
battered
英:
美:
adj.破旧的;磨损的;弄垮的;受到虐待的
v.连续猛击;磨损(batter的过去分词)
1、After it was revealed that hed also stolen from his employers, there was little he could do to salvage his
battered
reputation.───在被揭露出他也曾从雇主那里偷过东西之后,他几乎无法抢救他已败坏的名声。
2、He drove up in a
battered
old car.───他开着一辆破烂不堪的旧车过来了。
3、A karate expert
battered
a man to death.───一位空手道高手将一名男子猛击致死。
4、I know photographers far better than me that walk around with one
battered
body and a single lens and do great work.───我也认识很多比我优秀得多的摄影师,他们往往就带著一个相机,一个镜头,也能拍摄出非常优秀的作品。
5、She started the Susan G. Komen for the Cure organization in her kitchen with $200, a
battered
typewriter and a few friends.───用200美元,一台破旧的打字机,她和几个朋友一起在自家的厨房创建起了SusanG.Komen治疗机构。
6、Nearby, an old man with a black beret selects two mangoes from the bottom of a
battered
cardboard box.───离她不远处,一位头戴黑色贝雷帽的老人从一只压扁的纸箱底部捡了两只芒果。
7、Her
battered
body was buried in a forest and was found a week after she disappeared.───她残破不堪的尸体被埋在了一片树林里,直到她失踪一周后才被发现。
8、Still, most people persevere and go about their lives,
battered
and shaken though they may be, because there seems to be no real choice.───尽管如此,大多数人仍然坚持并从事他们的日常生活,尽管它们可能是破旧的和摇摇欲坠的,因为看起来似乎没有真正的选择。
9、Somebody had
battered
her to death.───有人把她打死了。
1、bartered───v.以(货物、服务)作为交换;以物换物(barter的过去式及过去分词)
2、battened───n.板条;曲尺;扣板;小方材;vt.在……钉扣板;养肥;装条板;vi.长胖;贪吃;n.(Batten)人名;(日)拔天(名);(英)巴滕
3、bantered───n.无恶意的玩笑
4、mattered───n.物质;事件;vi.有关系;要紧;n.(Matter)人名;(英、法)马特;(西)马特尔
5、batterer───n.虐妻者;虐待家属者
6、nattered───v.唠叨;瞎扯;抱怨;n.闲聊;抱怨;n.(Natter)(美、奥、德、法、瑞)纳特尔(人名)
7、buttered───adj.涂奶油的;加奶油的;v.涂黄油在…(butter的过去分词)
8、bittered───使变苦
9、bettered───adj.更好的;更熟练的;更合适的;(病势)好转的;adv.更好地;更多地;较大程度地;更恰当;n.较好者;能力更强者;上司们;打赌者;v.胜过,超过;(社会地位)改善;n.(Better)(美、法、俄)贝特尔(人名)
2、
新概念英语第二册lesson34~36语法及课文重点
新概念英语第二册lesson34语法及课文重点
重要句型或语法
被动语态
本课的被动语态侧重的是“动词+宾语+to do”的结构转为被动语态后的结构“be done to do”。如:They asked me to make a speech. 这句话转换为被动语态后就是:I was asked to make a speech.
课文主要语言点
Dan Robinson has been worried all week. 1)all week,整周。也可以说all the week。 2)be worried,担心、忧虑。Worried为形容词化的过去分词。
Last Tuesday he received a letter from the local police. 1)receive...from…,从某处收到某物。注意receive的拼写。 2)local,当地的。 3)police,可数名词,警察的总称。个体名词为policewoman或policeman。
In the letter he was asked to call at the station. 1)ask sb. to do sth.,要求某人做某事。注意与ask sb. a question(询问某人问题)的区别。此外,此类结构改为被动语态之后,to do结构不作任何变化。 2)call at,拜访。该短语后面只能接地点。
Dan wondered why he was wanted by the police, but he went to the station yesterday and now he is not worried anymore. 1)wonder,作为动词,表示想知道,相当于want to know。作为名词,表示奇迹。 2)why he was wanted by the police,作为wondered的宾语从句,所以其语序要采用陈述句语序。 3)注意and连接的并列句,前后采用了不同的时态,因为描述的是不同时间的动作。 4)not...anymore,不再。
At the station, he was told by a smiling policeman that his bicycle had been found. 1)smiling,面带微笑的。 2)可提问学生为什么find要采用过去完成时(因为was told已经是过去的了,自行车被发现是之前发生的,即过去的过去)。
Five days ago, the policeman told him, the bicycle was picked up in a small village four hundred miles away. 1)the policeman told him,用作插入语。 2)pick up,发现,相当于find。pick up还可以表示习得(语言)、养成(习惯)、用车载。 3)four hundred miles away,四百英里远。距离+away,表示距离多远。
It is now being sent to his home by train. 1)注意被动语态be done by的进行时结构为:be being done by。 2)be sent to,被送往某地或送给某人。 3)此处的home是指物理意义上的住址。
Dan was most surprise when he heard the news. 1)注意此处的most不是级,因为前面没有定冠词,而是副词,表示很、非常,相当于very。 2)注意heard的发音。
He was amused too, because he never expected the bicycle to be found. 1)amused,愉快的,觉得好笑的。 2)expect…to do,期望/预期某人或某物做某事。
It was stolen twenty years ago when Dan was a boy of fifteen! 1)注意steal的过去式和过去分词形式。 2)a boy of fifteen,十五岁的男孩。注意a boy/girl of+年龄,表示多大的男孩或女孩。
读写重点
本课为记叙文,作者在事件的先后铺垫和承接上,充分利用了各种衔接的手段。比如,第3句以in the letter开头,一来可以起到承上的作用,因为第2句话里提到了a letter,二来又起到了很好的启下的作用,引出了信件中所写的内容。再比如,第5句以at the station开头,既承接了第4句里提到的went to the station,又引出了新的信息——在警察局发生的事情。
其中,最为巧妙的运用是第6句中的插入语the policeman told him。因为该句剩余的成分其实都是told的宾语,但作者却把主句作为插入语来处理,从而使得原先的宾语从句成了主句,进而得到了很好的强调突出。
新概念英语第二册lesson35语法及课文重点
知识点讲解
1 A short while ago, however, he became a bus driver and he has not regretted it.
然而就在前不久,他开上了公共汽车,也并不为此而感到后悔。
(1)a short while ago,不久前的意思
(2)however在句中做插入语,意思为“然而”
(3) regret v. 后悔,常用搭配有:
regret sth. You will regret it. 你会为此而后悔的
regret to do:很遗憾要去做 regret doing:很遗憾已经做 regret that…… 遗憾+从句
I regret to tell you a bad news.
我很遗憾地告诉你一个坏消息。
I regret telling him the news.
我很遗憾我告诉了你这个坏消息。
We regret that we are unable to reconsider your case.
我们很遗憾无法再考虑你的情况。
2 He is finding his new work far more exciting.
他发觉自己的新工作令人兴奋得多。
far在本句中是副词,放在比较级的形容词前,表示程度,可以译作“很”、“大大地”
The problem is far more difficult for me.
这个问题对我来说太难了。
3 He saw two thieves rush out of a shop and run towards a waiting car.
他看到有两个小偷从一家商店里冲出来,奔向等在那里的一辆汽车。
在动词see后面接不定式时,不定式要省去to,如本句中的rush和run两个不定式。
I saw him go down the stairs.
我看见他下楼梯了。
4 The one with the money got such a fright that he dropped the bag.
拿钱的那个小偷吓得把提包都扔了。
句中such……that……的结构有“如此……以至于……”的意思,such后要跟名词。
He is a such a person that everyone wants to make friends with him.
他是这样的一个人,每个人都想和他交朋友。
5 While the battered car was moving away, Roy stopped his bus and telephoned the police.
当那辆被撞坏的车开走后,罗伊停下车,给警察挂了电话。
battered adj. 撞坏的 它的构成是“动词+ed”,这类的形容词表示“被……”
damaged:被刮坏了
destroyed car:车子坏了不能修
damaged car:车子坏了能修
battered car:车变形
battered bag:破旧不堪的包
新概念英语第二册lesson36语法及课文重点
重要句型或语法
将来时
本课主要复习之前学过的表将来的时态和句型,主要有:一般将来时、将来进行时和be going to do。如:
Debbie Hart is going to swim across the English Channel tomorrow.
Debbies father will set out with her in a small boat.
Tomorrow he will be watching her anxiously as she swims the long distance to England.
课文主要语言点
Debbie Hart is going to swim across the English Channel tomorrow. 1)注意区分be going to do(侧重主观打算或意图)和will do。注意be going to do不是一般将来时,是一种表将来的句型。 2)swim across,横渡。 3)the English Channel,英吉利海峡。这是专有名称,所以首字母要大写。channel,海峡、海湾。
She is going to set out from the French coast at five oclock in the morning. 1)set out,出发。相当于set off。 2)coast,海岸。
Debbie is only eleven years old and she hopes to set up a new world record. 1)注意eleven years old中的years old可以省略,但不能说eleven years(十一年,而不是十一岁)。 2)hope to do,希望做某事。 3)set up,创造、建立。 4)a world record,世界纪录。注意record作为名词时,重音在第一个音节,但用作动词时,重音在第二个音节。
She is a strong swimmer and many people feel that she is sure to succeed. 1)a strong swimmer,游泳健将、游泳能手。 2)feel,认为、觉得。相当于think或believe。 3)be sure to do,肯定会。 4)succeed,成功。注意如果要表达成功做成某事,其用法为:succeed in doing sth.。其名词形式为success。
Debbies father will set out with her in a small boat. Mr. Hart has trained his daughter for years. 1)set out with her,和她一起出发。with sb.,表示伴随,意为“与某人一道、一起”。 2)train,训练、驯服。 3)for years,多年。for+一段时间,是完成时的标志性时间状语。
Tomorrow he will be watching her anxiously as she swims the long distance to England. 1)可提问学生为什么此处的watch要采用将来进行时(因为课文要强调的是Mr. Hart会一路照看着Debbie)。 2)anxiously,焦虑地、焦急地。源自anxious,其名词为anxiety。 3)注意“swim+the long distance to+地点”,游过通往某地的长远距离。
Debbie intends to take short rests every two hours. 1)intend to do sth.,打算、意图做某事。intend的名词为intention。 2)take short rests,短暂休息。之所以用复数,是因为Debbie中途将不止作一次短暂休息。 3)every two hours,每两小时,即每隔一小时。注意“every+时间”和“every other+时间”的区别。可以考虑用数学公式来表达两者的区别,即:every=every other+1。
She will have something to drink but she will not eat any solid food. 1)have something to drink,喝点东西。 2)注意句中的but前加上逗号。 3)solid food,固体食物。solid,固体。可拓展液体和气体的表达,即liquid和gas。
Most of Debbies school friends will be waiting for her on the English coast. 1)school friend,同学、校友。 2)可提问学生为什么本句话要采用将来进行时(因为Debbie的同学们明天都计划好一定会在英国海岸等她)。
Among them will be Debbies mother, who swam the Channel herself when she was a girl. 1)注意本句话采用了倒装结构,目的是为了凸显句子的主语Debbies mother,同时也是为了确保先行词Debbies mother与其非限定性定语从句(who引导的从句)是前后紧邻的,否则对于读者来说会产生理解上的困难。 2)herself在此起到强调作用。
读写重点
本课最后一句话非常值得深究和学习:Among them will be Debbies mother, who swam the Channel herself when she was a girl. 本句话采用了倒装语序,达到了多重的表达目的:
首先,因为前一句话讲到了Debbies school friends,而本句话以among them开头,从语篇的话题转换来说,起到了承上启下的衔接作用,因为them就是指前面提到的school friends;
其次,采用了倒装,本句话的主语Debbies mother就被置于句末,利用了句子尾重的原理,使得该主语得到了强调;
最后,因为Debbies mother后面还跟有一个非限定性定语从句,句子倒装之后,使得先行词Debbies mother与其定语从句实现了前后的紧邻,从而避免了定语从句如果置于句中所导致的头重脚轻的问题。